Introduction the viscosity of a fluid is an important property in the analysis of liquid behavior and fluid motion near solid boundaries. The tube is located in a temperature controlled chamber 1 and set such that saybolt viscometer experiment sphere saybolt viscometer experiment situated in the centre of the two magnets. The time required for the test liquid to flow through a capillary of a known diameter of a. Objective to become familiar with the term viscosity, its influence and effects, its techniques and application in the field of engineering especially for design of the road pavements. The universal orifice, also known as a standard orifice, is made of stainless steel. The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid is called viscosity. In case of newtonian liquids h will remain invariant if the shear rate changes with all other test conditions remaining unchanged. The device used for measurement of viscosity is known as viscometer. The rotating fluids shear forces drive the rotor, while a magnet inside the rotor forms an eddy current brake with the surrounding copper housing.
The determination of viscosity of newtonian liquids is carried out by means of a capillary viscometer unless otherwise specified. D bottle known as pyknometer also, stand, beaker, unknown liquid, distilled water. For nonnewtonian liquids method c using the rotating viscometer may be used. Saybolt viscometer bath supports the following standards. The redwood viscometer consist of vertical cylindrical oil cup with an orifice in the centre of its base. Efflux cup viscometers are most commonly used for fieldwork to measure the viscosity of oils, syrups, varnish, paints and bitumen emulsions. These viscometers are used to measure kinematic viscosity.
Ostwald viscometer, rubber tube with screw pinch cock, relative density r. The temperature is controlled by electronic digital temperature controller. Procedure of saybolt viscometer experiment is explained in this video. The cannonmanning semimicro page 8 is a utube viscometer that has been modified to measure the kinematic viscosity of samples as small as 1. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The orifice tip, universal orfurol may be constructed as a replaceable unit in the viscometer. A bohlin viscometer was utilized to determine the shear viscosity of vanilla yogurt, ketchup, glycerin, and shampoo. The viscometer used consists of a cylindrical cup with a capillary tube at one end. There are various instruments, called viscometers, for measuring viscosity. Redwood viscometers,redwood viscometers multiple apparatus. Viscometer the viscometer, illustrated in figure 10. Pta178 universal orifice regulates flow, and threads into viscometer tube in the pt82 saybolt viscometer for determining viscosity of petroleum liquids. Kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density typical units m2s, stokes, st.
Universal orifice for saybolt viscometer gilson co. It is inserted in the viscometer tube using the orifice wrench included with the viscometer. Lab 1 viscosity ce 320a lab experiment report 1 viscosity. Saybolt viscometer read the following before getting started.
For liquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used. The testing procedure is quite similar to the capillarytube viscometers 5. Astm d7496 18 standard test method for viscosity of. Our sensors and viscometer systems conform to astm, din, jis and iso standards, with a range of models designed to meet specific industry and application needs. Fluids lab 1 fall 2003 viscosity objectives of the. A bohlin viscometer was utilized to determine the shear viscosity of. Pdf determination of saybolt viscosity of crude oil and. This receiving flask can be used in saybolt viscometer baths. In these viscometers one of the surfaces is stationary and the other is rotated by an external drive and the fluid fills the space. Printing, creating pdf files and emailing from viscositymaster.
The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the principles of poiseuilles law and stokes law, to directly measure the viscosity and density of selected liquids, as well as to show how temperature affects the viscosity of fluids. This paper presents one lab experiment developed at indianauniversity. A fluid analysis was done to determine how the dimensions of the viscometer affected its function. The principle of the viscometer is to determine the falling time of a sphere with known density and diameter within a fluid filled inside glass tube. A lowcost affordable viscometer design for experimental fluid viscosity. Determination of saybolt, kinematic, and shear viscosity.
The saybolt viscometer, one of the efflux cup viscometers is the standard instrument for testing petroleum products. Temperature dependent dynamic absolute viscosity of oil. Elcometer 2300 rotational viscometer and viscositymaster. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske routine and cannonfenske opaque viscometers certain modified ostwaldtype viscometers for transparent liquids like the cannonfenske routine and the cannonmanning semimicro and reverseflow viscometers for opaque and.
Instruction manual model 1602 rolling ball viscometer chandler. Image shows two tube version bm472 stainless steel saybolt viscometer, supplied complete with furol and universal interchangeable orifices, oil bath, electric heater with digital thermoregulator, stirrer, cooling coil, viscosity flask. Dynamic viscosity, also absolute viscosity, the more usual one typical units pas, poise, p. It is based on the principle that the fluid whose viscosity is being measured is sheared between two surfaces. Determination of the liquid permeability of consolidated cores experiment 4.
Viscosity of a polyurethane resin university of houston. These are the same forces that you will see reported in the yellow box aisc the top of each subinterface tab in the results report. Viscosity 5 viscosity coefficients viscosity coefficients can be defined in two ways. Falling ball viscometer aim the purpose of this experiment. Sinewave vibro viscometer sv10sv100 measures viscosity by detecting the driving. The purpose of this lab is to provide experience using a tabletop facility and common viscosity measurement systems such as saybolt viscometer and the stokes viscometer to obtain fluid flow resistance measurements like density and viscosity of the. When used in application types of construction, the material must be thin enough to be uniformly applied through the spray bar of distributor, yet thick enough so that it will not flow from the crown or grade of the road. Viscosity is a tensorial quantity that can be decomposed in different ways into two independent components. Put viscometer vertically in the water bath at the desired temperature.
A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. This experiment is focused on the measurement of saybolt viscosity of crude oil and liquid petroleum product at specified temperature between 70 degf and 140 degf to check the validity of andrades equation which expresses viscosity as a function. Using the brookfield viscometer, the viscosity of a. Let the liquid to flow through the capillary tube with run time when the liquid reaches the mark shown on the viscometer and then stopped time when the liquid reaches the bottom mark. The glass capillary viscometers, shown in figure 32, are examples of the second type of viscometer used. Cambridge viscosity has set the standard for extraordinarily precise, reliable, and virtually maintenancefree viscosity measurement systems. To learn more about viscosity, how it varies relative to temperature, and to demonstrate one method of how it. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Dynamic or absolute viscosity, oil, kinematic viscosity, redwood viscometer no. There are three types of orifices availableuniversal, furol, asphalt. Ball bearing suspension not included in lv versions, ezlock spindle connection, model q lab stand, and rheocalct software. A string shorter than the height of the axle from the floor of the laboratory is taken and.
Theredwoodviscometer,3whichisstandardinengland,isof the same general efflux type astheengler, of germany,and the saybolt universal, whichhasbeenadopted as standard for lubri. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Redwood viscometers multiple apparatus it consists. The dv2t extra is a special package that includes several optional features to maximize the utility of the dv2t. It is assumed that the dimensions of the capillary tube play a key role in the function of the viscometer. Astm d244, astm d88, d244, e102, aashto t72 designed for saybolt universal and furol viscosity testing, this constant temperature bath meets all astm and aashto requirements for precise temperature control.
These are referred to as semimicro or micro viscometers. To determine the kinematic viscosity of four grades of motor oil at various temperatures using a saybolt viscometer. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. Liquid viscosity measurement using capillary tube viscometer, cone and. The viscometer and test assembly should be stored, when not in. This manual covers the dv2t viscometer and the dv2t extra viscometer. For this study, a saybolt viscometer was utilized to quantify the efflux rate of baby oil. Thus, a rheometer can be considered as a special type of viscometer. Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on liquid metals guest editors. Test results from your viscometer can be printed using two methods.
The saybolt viscometer controls the heat of the fluid and the viscosity is the time is takes the fluid to fill a 60cc container. The concept of viscosity is wellknown in everyday experience, liquids with low viscosity such as water are said to be thin, on the other hand. Standard test method for measuring viscosity at high temperature and high shear rate by taperedplug viscometer. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske. Repeat the experiment and record the results take average of results.
1323 46 831 605 1554 1375 7 230 538 796 1292 1319 847 688 867 63 576 787 806 1165 711 1033 1517 993 118 967 681 279 1343 32 445 1045 1588 889 727 1388 759 1207 370 1096 1038 1098 868 911 167